On July 18, Tigran Balayan, the Armenian Ambassador to Belgium, announced that the House of Representatives of Belgium had unanimously adopted a resolution concerning Nagorno-Karabakh and peace in the South Caucasus. In a statement on social media, Balayan emphasized that the resolution supported the work of the International Committee of the Red Cross and issued an urgent demand for the release of Armenian prisoners. He also noted that the resolution condemned what he described as "Baku’s false narratives."

The resolution itself claimed that Baku’s actions toward the Armenian population of the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh violated international law. It specifically denounced Baku’s rhetoric surrounding the concept of "Western Azerbaijan." Furthermore, the document called on the European Union to impose targeted sanctions against individuals responsible for human rights violations, to expand the EU observer mission in Armenia, and to reconsider EU-Azerbaijan relations should Baku fail to demonstrate a genuine intent for peace.

The following day, on July 19, the Milli Majlis, the Parliament of Azerbaijan, issued a statement strongly rejecting the Belgian resolution, which it noted had been adopted on July 17. The Milli Majlis stated it resolutely protested the "unilateral and prejudiced" resolution and rejected what it called "unfounded accusations" against Azerbaijan. The statement argued that the resolution was based on "unverified, erroneous and one-sided information" and that it ignored the current political, legal, and humanitarian realities in the South Caucasus. The Azerbaijani Parliament also asserted that the resolution denied Azerbaijan’s legitimate and sovereign right to restore its territorial integrity.

In defense of Azerbaijan's September 2023 military operation, the Milli Majlis stated that the action was fully consistent with international law and had only targeted the remnants of Armenian armed forces and illegal groups in the Karabakh region. It emphasized that no civilians or religious and cultural sites were harmed during the operation and rejected accusations of war crimes and human rights violations by Belgian MPs as "baseless and politically motivated."

The Parliament further criticized the resolution for ignoring the 30-year occupation of Azerbaijani territories by Armenian forces, the resulting displacement of 750,000 Azerbaijanis, and what it described as acts of genocide, ethnic cleansing, and the destruction and desecration of Azerbaijan’s cultural and historical heritage. Addressing the resolution’s remarks on "illegal arrests," the statement clarified that Armenian nationals under judicial investigation in Baku are accused of serious crimes committed on Azerbaijani soil, including war crimes, torture, and terrorism. It emphasized that due process was being upheld and that any contrary allegations constituted interference in Azerbaijan’s internal affairs.

Concluding its statement, the Milli Majlis criticized the resolution’s interpretation of the "Western Azerbaijan" concept, asserting that it misrepresented Azerbaijan’s right to advocate for the peaceful return of hundreds of thousands of Azerbaijanis expelled from Armenia. The Parliament accused forces linked to the Armenian Diaspora in Belgium and the European Parliament of attempting to undermine peace efforts and called on the Belgian House of Representatives to stop adopting resolutions that lack objectivity and could escalate regional tensions.