According to data from Rosstat, the republics of the North Caucasus experienced natural population growth in 2023.

Dagestan saw a natural increase of 27,754 people, followed by Chechnya with 24,251, Ingushetia with 6,217, Kabardino-Balkaria with 3,132, North Ossetia with 503, and Karachay-Cherkessia with 481. However, Stavropol Krai recorded a natural decline of 6,584 people during the same period.

Dagestan emerged as the frontrunner among the regions of the North Caucasian Federal District in terms of population size and growth as of January 1, 2024:

- Dagestan: 3,221,000 people (+22,400)

- Stavropol Krai: 2,886,000 people (-5,100)

- Chechnya: 1,553,000 people (+19,600)

- Kabardino-Balkaria: 905,000 people (+2,200)

- North Ossetia: 679,000 people (-1,900)

- Ingushetia: 527,000 people (+8,100)

- Karachay-Cherkessia: 468,300 people (-100)

As of January 1, 2024, the population of the North Caucasian Federal District totaled 10,251,000, an overall increase of 45,300. This increase comprised a natural increase of 55,700 people and a migration decrease of 10,400 people.